How tax works on a second job
You don’t pay a special penalty for having two jobs. Income tax is worked out on your total income for the year. The catch is where your tax-free Personal Allowance goes. Your £12,570 allowance is normally attached to your main job, so your second job usually has no tax-free portion and is taxed from the very first pound. That is why the second job can look like it’s taxed harder, even though the overall bill matches earning the same amount from one employer.
Because of that, HMRC gives your second job a special tax code, usually BR, D0 or D1. Each one taxes the whole of that job’s pay at a single rate.
Second job tax codes explained
| Code | What it does | Rate |
|---|---|---|
| BR | All pay taxed at the basic rate | 20% |
| D0 | All pay taxed at the higher rate | 40% |
| D1 | All pay taxed at the additional rate | 45% |
Which code you get depends on how much of each tax band your main job has already used. If your two salaries together stay under £50,270 you will usually be on BR. Scotland uses different income tax bands and code letters. Check your code on your payslip and verify at gov.uk.
National Insurance is charged on each job separately
This is the part most people miss. Income tax looks at your jobs together, but National Insurance does not. Each job is assessed on its own, and each one gets its own primary threshold of £12,570 a year (£242 a week). So a second job that pays below that threshold has no employee National Insurance at all, even though it still pays income tax. Above the threshold you pay 8% up to £50,270, then 2%. Two separate jobs can end up paying less NI than one job on the same total pay.
A worked example
Say your main job pays £30,000 and your second job pays £10,000. Your main job uses your full Personal Allowance, so the second job is taxed at 20% under a BR code: that’s £2,000 of income tax on the £10,000. The second job pays no National Insurance, because £10,000 is below its own £12,570 threshold. You keep £8,000 of the £10,000. Push the second job to £20,000 and NI kicks in: 8% on the £7,430 above the threshold, about £594.
How to use this calculator
- Enter your main job salary, the one that carries your Personal Allowance.
- Enter your second job salary, before any tax.
- Read what you keep from the second job, with income tax and National Insurance broken out.
- Check the likely tax code and the effective rate the second job faces.
- Switch between yearly, monthly and weekly to see each figure per period.
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Simon is the founder of Orbit Money, a tool that helps people track subscriptions and recurring spend. He builds Orbit's free money calculators and writes about personal finance for UK and Australian readers.
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