What home equity means
Equity is the share of your home that you own outright. It is the current value of the property minus the balance you still owe on the mortgage. Own a home worth $800,000 with a $400,000 loan against it, and you have $400,000 of equity, half the property. Two things grow it over time: paying down the loan, and the property rising in value. A market dip works the other way and shrinks it.
The formula is simple: equity = property value − loan balance. The calculator above does this from your two figures, then goes a step further and works out how much of that equity you can put to work.
Total equity versus usable equity
Your total equity is the number on paper. Your usable equity is the smaller slice a lender will typically let you borrow against. Most lenders cap borrowing at 80% of the property value before charging Lenders Mortgage Insurance (LMI), so usable equity is worked out as 80% of the value, less what you still owe.
The formula is usable equity = (80% × property value) − loan balance. On an $800,000 home with a $400,000 loan, 80% of the value is $640,000, and taking off the $400,000 loan leaves $240,000 of usable equity. That is the figure to plan around, not the full $400,000, when you want to fund a deposit, a renovation or an investment.
What you can do with usable equity
- A deposit on an investment property, using the equity in your current home rather than fresh cash savings.
- Renovations that can also lift the value of the home and, with it, your equity.
- Consolidating higher-rate debt into the home loan, though this spreads it over a longer term.
- A large one-off cost, from a car to school fees, funded at home-loan rates.
Accessing equity means increasing your loan or setting up a line of credit, so repayments rise and the home secures the extra borrowing. Our mortgage repayment calculator shows what a larger loan would cost each month.
Borrowing above 80% and LMI
The 80% line is not a hard ceiling. Some lenders let you borrow up to 90%, occasionally 95%, of the property value, which unlocks more than your usable equity figure suggests. The cost is Lenders Mortgage Insurance, a one-off charge that applies once your total loan goes above 80% of the value, and it grows the closer you borrow to the top. Usable equity shows what you can reach before that cost, and our LVR calculator shows where a new loan would sit against the 80% mark.
How to use this calculator
- Enter your current property value, ideally a recent appraisal or lender valuation.
- Enter the balance you still owe on the loan. Use 0 if the home is paid off.
- Read your total equity at the top, the value less what you owe.
- Read your usable equity below it, the amount you can typically borrow against before LMI.
- Check the bar and the LMI note to see the split and what borrowing past 80% would mean.
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Simon is the founder of Orbit Money, a tool that helps people track subscriptions and recurring spend. He builds Orbit's free money calculators and writes about personal finance for Australian and UK readers.
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